To access a SQL Server instance through a firewall, you must configure the firewall on the computer that is running SQL Server to allow access. Any ports that you manually assign must be open in Windows Firewall.
To configure Windows Firewall to open manually assigned ports
- Verify that the user account that is performing this procedure is a member of either the sysadmin or the serveradmin fixed server role.
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In Control Panel, open System and Security.
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Click Windows Firewall, and then click Advanced Settings to open the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security dialog box.
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In the navigation pane, click Inbound Rules to display the available options in the Actions pane.
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Click New Rule to open the New Inbound Rule Wizard.
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Use the wizard to complete the steps that are required to allow access to the port that you defined in  Configure a SQL Server instance to listen on a non-default port.
Note:
You can configure the Internet Protocol security (IPsec) to help secure communication to and from your computer that is running SQL Server by configuring the Windows firewall. You do this by selecting Connection Security Rules in the navigation pane of the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security dialog box.
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Categories: Ports